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1. Download the latest kernel from kernel.org Code: wget http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.4/linux-2.4.19.tar.gz tar zxvf linux-2.4.19.tar.gz cd linux-2.4.19 2. Configure the kernel options This is where you select all the features yo...
No one among us knowingly Delete important files in their hard disk but some times it may happen accidentally........and then start :-( :sad: about it........now i am posting a way to prevent them from getting deleted accidentally. This can be done i...
If you’re lucky enough to find a command execution vulnerability during a penetration test, pretty soon afterward you’ll probably want an interactive shell. If it’s not possible to add a new account / SSH key / .rhosts file and just log in, your next...
Few of the time, we need to alter some particular text in multiple files, and opening and editing each file at a time is a killer. Here is a sweet simple command that uses the "Power of PERL" to make our life easier. Command:- perl -pi -w -e 's/faceb...
Click on "Prev" or "Next" Button to Read A debugger or debugging tool is a computer program that is used to test and debug other programs (the "target" program). The code to be examined might alternatively be running on an instruction set simulator...
Most device files will already be created and will be there ready to use after you install your Linux system. If by some chance you need to create one which is not provided then you should first try to use the MAKEDEV script. This script is usually located in /dev/MAKEDEV but might also have a copy (or a symbolic link) in /sbin/MAKEDEV. If it turns out not to be in your path then you will need to specify the path to it explicitly.
In general, the command is used as:
Quote:# /dev/MAKEDEV -v ttyS0
create ttyS0 c 4 64 root:dialout 0660
This will create the device file /dev/ttyS0 with major node 4 and minor node 64 as a character device with access permissions 0660 with owner root and group dialout.
ttyS0 is a serial port. The major and minor node numbers are numbers understood by the kernel. The kernel refers to hardware devices as numbers, this would be very difficult for us to remember, so we use filenames. Access permissions of 0660 means read and write permission for the owner (root in this case) and read and write permission for members of the group (dialout in this case) with no access for anyone else.
MAKEDEV is the preferred way of creating device files which are not present. However, sometimes the MAKEDEV script will not know about the device file you wish to create. This is where the mknod command comes in. In order to use mknod you need to know the major and minor node numbers for the device you wish to create. The devices.txt file in the kernel source documentation is the canonical source of this information.
To take an example, let us suppose that our version of the MAKEDEV script does not know how to create the /dev/ttyS0 device file. We need to use mknod to create it. We know from looking at the devices.txt that it should be a character device with major number 4 and minor number 64. So we now know all we need to create the file.
Quote:# mknod /dev/ttyS0 c 4 64
# chown root.dialout /dev/ttyS0
# chmod 0644 /dev/ttyS0
# ls -l /dev/ttyS0
crw-rw---- 1 root dialout 4, 64 Oct 23 18:23 /dev/ttyS0
As you can see, many more steps are required to create the file. In this example you can see the process required however. It is unlikely in the extreme that the ttyS0 file would not be provided by the MAKEDEV script, but it suffices to illustrate the point.
lspci
lsdev
lsusb
lsraid
hdparm
root@worldofhacker~# lshw